?PVC injection molding process
注塑模工藝條件:
Injection molding processing conditions:
干燥處理：通常不需要干燥處理。
Drying: usually does not require drying.
熔化溫度：165~185℃
The melting temperature: 165~185 ℃
模具溫度：20~50℃
Mold temperature: 20~50 ℃
注射壓力：可大到1500bar
Injection pressure: can be up to 1500bar
保壓壓力：可大到1000bar
Holding pressure: can be up to 1000bar
注射速度：為避免材料降解，一般要用相當地的注射速度。
Injection speed: in order to avoid material degradation, the general use of the injection speed is.
流道和澆口：所有常規的澆口都可以使用。如果加工較小的部件，最好使用針尖型澆口或潛入式澆口；對于較厚的部件，最好使用扇形澆口。針尖型澆口或潛入式澆口的最小直徑應為1mm；扇形澆口的厚度不能小于1mm。
The runner and gate: all conventional gate can be used. If the processing of smaller components, it is best to use the tip type gate or sneak into the gate; for the thicker parts, it is best to use the fan gate. Minimum diameter of needle type gate or sneak into the gate should be 1mm; fan gate thickness not less than 1mm.
化學和物理特性
Chemical and physical properties
剛性PVC是使用最廣泛的塑料材料之一。PVC材料是一種非結晶性材料。
Rigid PVC is one of the most widely used plastic materials. PVC material is a kind of non crystalline material.
PVC材料在實際使用中經常加入穩定劑、潤滑劑、輔助加工劑、色料、抗沖擊劑及其它添加劑。
PVC material is often added stabilizer, lubricant, auxiliary processing agent, pigment, impact resistant agent and other additives in practical use.
PVC材料具有不易燃性、高強度、耐氣侯變化性以及優良的幾何穩定性。
PVC is not flammable, high strength, excellent resistance to climate variability and geometric stability.
PVC對氧化劑、還原劑和強酸都有很強的抵抗力。然而它能夠被濃氧化酸如濃硫酸、濃硝酸所腐蝕并且也不適用與芳香烴、氯化烴接觸的場合。
PVC had strong resistance to oxidant, reductant and acid. However, it can be concentrated oxidizing acid corrosion such as sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid and does not apply and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons in contact situations.
PVC在加工時熔化溫度是一個非常重要的工藝參數，如果此參數不當將導致材料分解的問題。
PVC melting at the processing temperature is a very important process parameters, if this parameter will lead to improper material decomposition problem.
PVC的流動特性相當差，其工藝范圍很窄。特別是大分子量的PVC材料更難于加工（這種材料通常要加入潤滑劑改善流動特性），因此通常使用的都是小分子量的PVC材料。
The flow characteristics of PVC is rather poor, the process is very narrow. Especially the high molecular weight PVC material is more difficult to process (this material is often added into lubricant improved flow characteristics), we usually use are small molecular weight PVC material.
PVC的收縮率相當低，一般為0.2~0.6%。
PVC contraction rate is very low, typically 0.2~0.6%.
PVC在成型過程中易釋放出有毒氣體
PVC in the molding process to the release of toxic gases
典型用途
Typical use
供水管道，家用管道，房屋墻板，商用機器殼體，電子產品包裝，醫療器械，食品包裝等。
Water supply pipeline, domestic pipeline, housing wall panels, business machine housings, electronic products, medical equipment, food packaging.
pvc 就是聚氯乙烯 ，真正的聚氯乙烯是無毒的。有毒的是氯乙烯 ，高分子都存在有聚合度高低的問題，當聚合度足夠高，氯乙烯的含量下降到一定值時，就是無毒的PVC了！
PVC is polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride nontoxic real. Toxic is vinyl chloride polymer, there are degrees of polymerization or problems, when the polymerization degree is high enough, the content of vinyl chloride drops to a certain value, is non-toxic PVC!
PVC是沒有毒的，只是添加了熱穩定劑，增塑劑等各種有毒的助劑才有毒！有些PVC的縮水是很大的達到2%！
PVC is not toxic, but with the addition of thermal stabilizer, plasticizer and other toxic additives are poisonous! By some PVC is great at 2%!
PVC 料過一段時間會變色;PVC對光 氧 熱都不好,很容易發生降解,引起PVC制品顏色的變化,變化順序為:白色----粉紅色----淡黃色----褐色----紅棕色-----紅黑色----黑色.
PVC material over a period of time will change; PVC are not good for optical oxygen heat, it is prone to degradation caused by a change in color of the product, PVC, change the order: white, pink, yellow, brown, red brown, red and black - Black
PVC：做成成品后，會發出很臭的味。確實我所見過的PVC氣味都很差，且帶靜電易吸塵
PVC: made of finished products, will issue a stinky smell. Indeed I have ever seen PVC smell is very poor, and electrostatic dust
PVC在電線\\電纜\\插頭及透明
PVC \ \ \ \ in the wire cable plug and transparent
PVC (聚氯乙烯) -(CH2- CH2)- | CH3
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) - (CH2- CH2) - | CH3
一般以為含15%以下增塑劑的PVC稱為硬PVC, 而含15%以上增塑劑的PVC稱為軟PVC, 玩具所用PVC多為軟PVC, 35~90度
The general thought contained 15% plasticizer PVC called PVC, which contain more than 15% plasticizer PVC called soft PVC, toy used for PVC soft PVC, 35~90
@ 塑膠主要性能:
The main performance @ plastic:
a) 非結晶性塑膠, 透明, 著色容易:
A) amorphous plastic, transparent, easy coloring:
b) 材料中增塑劑含量決定軟硬程度(一般在55-90度)及力學性能.
B) material of plasticizer content determines the degree of hardness (usually in the 55-90 degrees) and mechanical properties
@ 注塑工藝要點:
@ points of injection molding process:
a) 原料必須乾燥(氯乙烯極性分子易吸水), 乾燥溫度85℃左右, 時間2小時以上;
A) raw materials must be dry (vinyl chloride polar molecular absorbent), drying temperature 85 ℃, time of 2 hours or more;
b) 材料的成型溫度接近分解溫度, 故須控制盡可能用較低的溫度注射, 同時亦應盡可能縮短啤塑周期, 以減少熔料在料筒內的滯留時間;
B) molding temperature material close to the decomposition temperature, it must control as much as possible with the temperature lower injection, but also should as far as possible to shorten the molding cycle, in order to reduce the melt residence time in the barrel;
料溫參數: 前160-170℃, 中160-165℃, 后140-150℃. 由於PVC本身耐熱 性差, 料在料筒內長時間受熱, 會降解析出氯化氫(HCL)使膠件變黃甚至產生 黑點, 并且氯化氫對模腔有腐蝕作用, 所以要經常清洗模腔及機頭死角位;
The material temperature: 160-170 ℃ parameters before, 160-165 ℃, 140-150 ℃. Since PVC itself after the poor heat resistance, the material in the barrel long time heating, will drop of hydrogen chloride (HCL) plastic pieces of yellow spots and even produce, and hydrogen chloride has a corrosive effect on the cavity, so it should be cleaned regularly the mold cavity and die corner position;
c) 流動性很差, 故注塑模的澆口` 流道盡可能粗` 短` 厚且制件壁厚應在1.5mm以上, 以減少壓力損失使料流盡快充滿型腔, 總之宜采用高壓底溫(注射壓力200Mpa以上, 背壓取0.5-1.5Mpa, 保壓取注壓力的20-30%);
C) liquidity is poor, so the injection mold runner gate, as far as possible short coarse ` ` thickness and thickness should be more than 1.5mm, to reduce the pressure loss and the material flow as soon as possible filled cavity, anyhow should adopt the high pressure low temperature (above, the injection pressure 200Mpa pressure 0.5-1.5Mpa, pressure and injection pressure of 20-30%);
d) 模具溫度盡可能低(通常運凍水, 控制模溫在30-45℃), 以縮短成型周期以及減小膠件出模后變形, 必要時借助定型模` 縮水模來較正控制變形;
D) mold temperature as low as possible (usually shipped frozen water, control of the mold temperature at 30-45 ℃), so as to shorten the molding cycle and reduce the deformation of plastic mold, necessary through shaping mold, mold is shrinking deformation control;
e) 水口料: 清潔良好的水口料可百分之百回用;
E): the material outlet of nozzle material clean good one hundred percent reuse;
f) 關機: 早10啤前關電掣, 停機后用PE過機.
Shutdown: F) as early as 10 beer before closing the switch, stop with the PE machine
用於唱片,瓶子,人造皮,地板材料,薄板,膠膜,熱索套館,鞋子,線材,給排水管(UPVC),摥膠.
For the record, bottles, artificial leather, floor materials, sheet, film, thermal cable sleeve Museum, shoes, wire, water supply and drainage tube (UPVC), Tang glue
共混改性塑膠:
Blending modification of plastic:
a) PVC + EVA→提高沖擊強度(長效增塑作用);
A) PVC + EVA to improve the impact strength (long-term plasticization);
b) PVC + ABS→增加韌性, 提高沖擊強度
B) PVC + ABS to increase the toughness, improve the impact strength
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